An Overview of the Indigenous Economy in Canada Staff discussion paper 2023-25 Alex Chernoff, Calista Cheung Several measures suggest economic outcomes have improved for Indigenous Peoples in recent decades. Yet, institutional settings and gaps in infrastructure and financing continue to hinder their economic progress. Recent efforts have helped address some data gaps, and new institutions are helping Indigenous communities to overcome historic barriers to growth. Content Type(s): Staff research, Staff discussion papers JEL Code(s): E, E0, E01, E02, N, N4, N41, N42, O, O4, O43, P, P4, P48 Research Theme(s): Monetary policy, Real economy and forecasting, Structural challenges, Demographics and labour supply
September 15, 2008 The Effects of Recent Relative Price Movements on the Canadian Economy Bank of Canada Review - Autumn 2008 David Dupuis, Philippe Marcil Although the standard of living of Canadians has improved as a result of terms-of-trade gains created by the sharp rise in real commodity prices over the past five years or so, the commodity-price increase, combined with an exchange rate appreciation and real income gain, triggered structural adjustments by altering underlying economic incentives. The frictions generated in adjusting to the relative price shock have likely contributed to hold back aggregate productivity growth. Dupuis and Marcil examine the structural adjustments that have been required-in particular, the resource reallocation among the different sectors of the economy-and its effects on employment, output, and productivity, as well as the responses of final domestic demand and external trade flows. Content Type(s): Publications, Bank of Canada Review articles
Risk-Free Uncollateralized Lending in Decentralized Markets: An Introduction to Flash Loans Staff discussion paper 2025-6 Jack Mandin A flash loan is a special type of uncollateralized loan with zero default risk. I document the use for flash loans across major blockchains that are Ethereum-Virtual-Machine-compatible. Flash loans expand access to liquidity, and highly sophisticated actors use them for many practical applications. Content Type(s): Staff research, Staff discussion papers JEL Code(s): G, G0, G1, G2 Research Theme(s): Financial markets and funds management, Market functioning, Money and payments, Digital assets and fintech
April 2017 Annual Reassessment of Potential Output Growth in Canada Staff analytical note 2017-5 Andrew Agopsowicz, Bassirou Gueye, Natalia Kyui, Youngmin Park, Mohanad Salameh, Ben Tomlin This note summarizes the Bank of Canada’s annual reassessment of potential output growth, conducted for the April 2017 Monetary Policy Report. Potential output growth is projected to increase from 1.3 per cent in 2017 to 1.6 per cent by 2020. Content Type(s): Staff research, Staff analytical notes JEL Code(s): E, E0, E00, E2, E22, E23, E24, E3, E37, E6 Research Theme(s): Monetary policy, Real economy and forecasting, Structural challenges, Demographics and labour supply
June 11, 2009 Rebalancing the Global Economy Remarks Mark Carney International Economic Forum of the Americas, conference of Montreal The theme of this conference – "Adapting to a New World Order" – suggests that it is clear how global commerce and finance will be reorganized in the wake of the current crisis. However, the outcome is far from preordained. How we manage the rebalancing of the global economy could profoundly influence how open, equitable, and prosperous the New World Order will be. Content Type(s): Press, Speeches and appearances, Remarks
December 14, 1997 Recent economic and financial developments Bank of Canada Review - Winter 1997-1998 The Canadian economy expanded at an average rate of over 4 per cent through the second half of 1996 and the first three quarters of 1997. The expansion was supported by accommodative monetary conditions, substantial employment gains, low inflation, an improved fiscal postion, and strong U.S. demand. These factors will continue to underpin a scenario of sustained growth in output and employment in the period ahead. With the situation in Asia still evolving, it is difficult to be precise about the size of its overall impact on Canada. At the same time, there have been some positive developments including stronger-than-anticipated economic performance in the United States, Mexico, and Europe and declining longer-term interest rates in most industrial countries. The core rate of inflation slipped slightly below the 1 to 3 per cent target range in the closing months of 1997. With the unwinding of some of the special factors that contributed to the decline, trend inflation is expected to move back inside the range in coming months. Content Type(s): Publications, Bank of Canada Review articles
November 17, 2016 Reinventing the Role of Central Banks in Financial Stability Bank of Canada Review - Autumn 2016 Domenico Lombardi, Lawrence L. Schembri Central banks contribute importantly to the promotion of financial stability given their sys-tem-wide macro-financial perspective and existing roles as lender of last resort and overseer of systemic payment systems. Since the global financial crisis, the financial system role of central banks has expanded to place more emphasis on the prevention of financial stress and crises. Central banks work with other responsible authorities to enhance financial system resilience and to assess and mitigate financial vulnerabilities and systemic risk. Content Type(s): Publications, Bank of Canada Review articles JEL Code(s): E, E4, E42, E5, E58, E6, E61, G, G2, G28
November 19, 2008 Building Continuous Markets Remarks Mark Carney the Canada – United Kingdom Chamber of Commerce London, United Kingdom Throughout the years, Canada has been a major beneficiary of London's innovation. Companies of adventurers, conceived and funded in London, opened up large swathes of Canada to international trade. Content Type(s): Press, Speeches and appearances, Remarks
June 3, 2022 Canadian Alternative Reference Rate Working Group: Key documents Find key documents and reference material related to the Canadian Alternative Reference Rate Working Group (CARR).
June 27, 2014 A Dual Vision for the Canadian Payments System Remarks Lawrence L. Schembri Canadian Payments Association Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island Deputy Governor Lawrence Schembri calls for a collaborative approach to achieving a payments system that is innovative, safe, and efficient. Content Type(s): Press, Speeches and appearances, Remarks