August 26, 2025 Flexible inflation targeting in a shock-prone world Remarks Tiff Macklem Bank of Mexico 100ᵗʰ Anniversary Seminar Mexico City, Mexico Governor Tiff Macklem discusses how inflation targeting became a leading strategy for maintaining price stability and how the Bank of Canada is ensuring its monetary policy framework is fit for future challenges. Content Type(s): Press, Speeches and appearances, Remarks Subject(s): Monetary policy, Economic models, Economy/Economic growth, Inflation, Inflation targeting framework
Stablecoin Assessment Framework Staff discussion paper 2021-6 Alejandro García, Bena Lands, Dennis Yanchus We offer relevant authorities a three-step assessment framework they can use to understand, identify and quantify the risks associated with stablecoin and other cryptocurrency arrangements. Content Type(s): Staff research, Staff discussion papers JEL Code(s): D, D7, D78, D8, D81, G, G0, G01, G1, G18, O, O3, O38 Research Theme(s): Financial system, Financial stability and systemic risk, Money and payments, Digital assets and fintech, Payment and financial market infrastructures
October 8, 2009 Central Banking in Canada: Meeting Today's and Tomorrow's Challenges Remarks Paul Jenkins Vancouver Board of Trade Vancouver, British Columbia Indeed, the global financial crisis of the past two years has presented unique, stressful challenges that have forced us all to assess what has worked well and what needs to change. Today, I would like to review some of the critical thinking around these issues, primarily from the perspective of our work at the Bank of Canada. Content Type(s): Press, Speeches and appearances, Remarks
November 18, 2010 Financial Stress, Monetary Policy, and Economic Activity Bank of Canada Review - Autumn 2010 Fuchun Li, Pierre St-Amant The recent global crisis was characterized by a remarkable intensity in the negative feedback process between financial sector developments and the real economy. Content Type(s): Publications, Bank of Canada Review articles
July 23, 2009 Monetary Policy Report – July 2009 The global economy has suffered an intense, synchronous recession and considerable excess supply has opened up. Content Type(s): Publications, Monetary Policy Report
July 6, 2020 Business Outlook Survey—Summer 2020 Results from the summer Business Outlook Survey suggest that business sentiment is strongly negative in all regions and sectors due to impacts from the COVID 19 pandemic and the drop in oil prices. Firms reported that weak demand is reducing both capacity pressures and expectations for price growth. Content Type(s): Publications, Business Outlook Survey
The Positive Case for a CBDC Staff discussion paper 2021-11 Andrew Usher, Edona Reshidi, Francisco Rivadeneyra, Scott Hendry We discuss the competition and innovation arguments for issuing a central bank digital currency (CBDC). A CBDC could be an effective competition policy tool for payments. A CBDC could also support the vibrancy of the digital economy. It could help solve market failures and foster competition and innovation in new digital payments markets. Content Type(s): Staff research, Staff discussion papers JEL Code(s): E, E4, E42, E5, E58, L, L4, L5 Research Theme(s): Financial system, Financial stability and systemic risk, Money and payments, Digital assets and fintech, Payment and financial market infrastructures, Retail payments
December 8, 2011 Financial System Review - December 2011 In this issue of the Financial System Review, the Bank of Canada’s Governing Council judges that the risks to the stability of Canada’s financial system are high and have increased markedly over the past six months, owing primarily to an escalation of the sovereign debt crisis in the euro area and a weaker global economic outlook. Erratum: The data for Chart 7 on page 8 were plotted incorrectly. See revised chart. Content Type(s): Publications, Financial Stability Report
BoC–BoE Sovereign Default Database: What’s new in 2026? Staff analytical paper 2026-48 David Beers, Obiageri Ndukwe, Joe Berry The BoC–BoE database of sovereign debt defaults, published and updated annually by the Bank of Canada and the Bank of England, provides comprehensive estimates of stocks of government obligations in default. Content Type(s): Staff research, Staff analytical paper JEL Code(s): F, F3, F34, G, G1, G10, G14, G15 Research Theme(s): Financial markets and funds management, Funds management, International markets and currencies, Financial system, Financial stability and systemic risk
May 16, 2013 Bank of Canada Review - Spring 2013 This issue includes analysis of the unconventional monetary policies recently implemented by central banks, and also presents Bank research in two areas - the migration of labour between economic regions in Canada, and the asset-allocation and funding decisions for Canada’s foreign exchange reserves. Content Type(s): Publications, Bank of Canada Review