Publications

• February 5, 2024

  Market Participants Survey—Fourth Quarter of 2023

  The Market Participants Survey results are based on questionnaire responses from about 30 financial market participants.

  Content Type(s): Publications, Market Participants Survey
• January 24, 2024

  Monetary Policy Report – January 2024

  

  Interest rates are working to moderate spending and inflation is easing gradually, though underlying pressures are proving persistent. The Bank projects that inflation will stay around 3% through the first half of 2024, returning to target in 2025.

  Content Type(s): Publications, Monetary Policy Report
• January 15, 2024

  Mapping out the implications of climate transition risk for the financial system

  Gabriel Bruneau, Javier Ojea Ferreiro, Andrew Plummer, Marie-Christine Tremblay, Aidan Witts

  We develop a new analytical framework to understand the system-wide implications of climate transition risk. When applying this framework to Canadian data, we find that interconnections within the financial sector could amplify the direct effects of climate transition risk on financial entities.

  Content Type(s): Publications, Financial System Hub articles Topic(s): Climate change, Economic models, Financial institutions, Financial markets, Financial stability JEL Code(s): C, C6, C63, G, G0, G01, G1, G10, G2, G20, Q, Q5, Q54
• January 15, 2024

  Flood risk and residential lending

  Craig Johnston, Geneviève Vallée, Hossein Hosseini, Miguel Molico, Marie-Christine Tremblay, Aidan Witts

  We present key findings of a recent study that evaluates the credit risk that flooding poses to the residential lending activities of Canadian banks and credit unions. Results show that such risk currently appears modest but could become larger with climate change.

  Content Type(s): Publications, Financial System Hub articles Topic(s): Central bank research, Climate change, Credit risk management, Econometric and statistical methods, Financial institutions, Financial stability JEL Code(s): C, C8, C81, G, G2, G21, Q, Q5, Q54
• January 15, 2024

  Business Outlook Survey—Fourth Quarter of 2023

  Results from the Business Outlook Survey and the Business Leaders’ Pulse show that with high interest rates and soft demand, firms’ sales growth has slowed over the past 12 months. Firms are less optimistic about current business conditions than they were last quarter, but they expect their sales growth to stabilize in the coming year. With competition returning and demand remaining soft, businesses’ pricing behaviour is slowly returning to normal.

  Content Type(s): Publications, Business Outlook Survey
• January 15, 2024

  Canadian Survey of Consumer Expectations—Fourth Quarter of 2023

  Consumers believe inflation has fallen, but their expectations for inflation in the near term are showing little progress in returning to pre-pandemic levels. Slow progress may be due to persistently high inflation expectations for services such as rent. In addition, consumers increasingly think domestic factors, such as high government spending, are supporting high inflation, and they believe these factors will take longer to resolve than global factors. Consumers have adjusted their behaviour in response to prolonged high inflation—more people are paying attention to inflation and changing their spending habits. However, actions that may support inflation, such as seeking wage increases to offset it, are dissipating. The negative effects of high interest rates are broadening, and indicators of household financial stress are deteriorating. Consumers remain uncertain about the economic outlook, and this uncertainty is weighing on their spending plans. Workers think the labour market has weakened slightly. However, expectations for wage growth remain high, supported by cost-of-living adjustments in some workers’ wage contracts.

  Content Type(s): Publications, Canadian Survey of Consumer Expectations
• December 21, 2023

  How higher interest rates affect inflation

  

  When the Bank of Canada changes its policy interest rate, it affects every part of the economy – but that does not happen all at once. Learn more about how raising and lowering interest rates takes effect through the monetary policy transmission mechanism.

  Content Type(s): Publications, The Economy, Plain and Simple Topic(s): Inflation and prices, Inflation targets, Interest rates, Monetary policy, Monetary policy framework, Monetary policy transmission
• December 20, 2023

  Summary of Governing Council deliberations: Fixed announcement date of December 6, 2023

  This is an account of the deliberations of the Bank of Canada’s Governing Council leading to the monetary policy decision on December 6, 2023.

  Content Type(s): Publications, Summary of deliberations
• November 17, 2023

  Quarterly Financial Report - Third Quarter 2023

  Quarterly Financial Report - Third Quarter 2023 - For the period ended September 30, 2023

  Content Type(s): Publications, Quarterly Financial Report
• November 8, 2023

  Summary of Governing Council deliberations: Fixed announcement date of October 25, 2023

  This is an account of the deliberations of the Bank of Canada’s Governing Council leading to the monetary policy decision on October 25, 2023.

  Content Type(s): Publications, Summary of deliberations